Muscular Strength & Endurance

Muscular Strength:

 

Muscular Endurance:

 

Do gains in strength also result in gains in endurance?

 

Which of the two is the most important for activities of daily living (ADLs)?

What about Power?

 

 

 

Types of Muscle Contractions

Isometric:Muscle contracts, but no change in length occurs; force exerted against immovable resistance

Isotonic:Muscle contracts and changes in length to move some resistance

 

Types of Isotonic Ctxs

­ Concentric: Muscle shortens to move some resistance

 

­ Eccentric: Muscle lengthens while producing tension

Factors Influencing Potentials for Strength Gains

­ Muscle Size: > cross-sectional area: exerts more force

How does muscle increase in size secondary to training?

­ Muscle Length: Longer the muscle the greater the potential for strength & size gains

 

­ Fiber Type

­ Slow Twitch

­ Fast Twitch IIA

­ Fast Twitch IIB

Which fiber type predominance will result in greatest strength gains?

Endurance gains?

­ Tendon Insertion Pt: Closer tendon inserts to resistance greater the force that can be generated

 

­  Gender

 

­ Age

­ Training Experience

 

 

­ Training Techniques

 

 

 

Training Principles

­ Principle of Overload

­ Principle of Specificity of Training

­ Principle of Progression

­ Principle of Regularity of Participation

 

­ Principle of Recovery

­ Principle of Diminishing Returns

­ Principle of Individuality

­ Principle of Reversibility

Types of Resistance

Isometric Training

­ Muscle Ctx: no change in length

­ Strength Gains specific to jt angle (+/-10 deg)

­ Any time movement through full ROM aggravates or is too painful

­ Ctx: 10 secs

­ Every 10 degrees through ROM

Progressive Resistive Exercise (PRE)

­ Isotonic

­ Timing: 1-2” Concentric 2-4” Eccentric

­ Positioning: Where wt placed?

­ Terminology/Adjustable Variables:

 Reps 

  

 Recovery Period

 Set  

 

 Frequency

 Intensity

 

 

Specific PRE Techniques

DeLorme

Set 1: 50% 10 RM 10 reps

Set 2: 75% 10 RM 10 reps

Set 3: 100%10 RM 10 reps

Rehab Progression

1x10, 1x12, 1x15, 1x17, 2x10, 2x12,

3x10, 3x12, 3x15, 3x17, 3x20 (inc. wt)

 

Other Training Techniques

­ Circuit Training

­ Plyometrics